The Closing Names

Uttarāṅga

The final names that complete the thousand — each offered as an oblation, “oṃ … namaḥ”.

The uttarāṅga — the “latter portion” — gathers the closing names of the hymn and offers them not as descriptions but as oblations: each is set in the dative case and sealed with namaḥ, “salutation to.” Together with the 965 names of the verses, they bring the recitation to its liturgical total of 1000.

981 śukavāgamṛtābdhīndu ॐ शुकवागमृताब्धीन्दवे नमः

the moon to Śuka's nectar-ocean of speech

S.B.G 1.4-3.7

Śukadeva narrated the entire Bhāgavatam to Parīkṣit; this name praises Kṛṣṇa as the moon that draws forth the ocean of nectar-like wisdom Śuka spoke.

982 govinda ॐ गोविन्दाय नमः

the cowherd, finder of cows and earth

S.B.G 10.27.20

After lifting Govardhana, Kṛṣṇa is anointed 'Govinda' by Indra and Surabhi-cow; the abhiṣeka makes him sovereign of cows, earth, and Vedas.

983 yogināṃ pati ॐ योगिनाम् पतये नमः

lord of yogins

S.B.G 11.14-29

In the Uddhava Gītā, Kṛṣṇa teaches yoga in all its modes — bhakti, jñāna, karma; he is named the supreme master of yogins for whom all paths converge.

984 vasudevātmaja ॐ वसुदेवात्मजाय नमः

son of Vasudeva

S.B.G 10.3.13

At his birth in the prison, Vasudeva recognizes him as the cosmic Lord taking the form of his son; this name preserves the paradox of Infinity born as a child.

985 puṇya ॐ पुण्याय नमः

the auspicious, the meritorious one

S.B.G 10.31.7

In the Gopī-gīta the gopīs declare: 'Hearing your name purifies; seeing you destroys all sin'; Kṛṣṇa is puṇya itself — merit personified.

986 līlāmānuṣa-vigraha ॐ लीलामानुषविग्रहाय नमः

whose human form is divine play

S.B.G 10.33.36

After the Rāsa-līlā the text declares that Kṛṣṇa's human form is itself a divine līlā; he assumes a body not from karma but from grace, for the joy of his devotees.

987 jagadguru ॐ जगद्गुरवे नमः

teacher of the world

S.B.G 11.29.6

At the end of the Uddhava Gītā, Kṛṣṇa is acclaimed jagadguru — the teacher whose every act is itself instruction; the Bhagavad Gītā and Uddhava Gītā are his two great teachings.

988 jagannātha ॐ जगन्नाथाय नमः

lord of the universe

S.B.G 10.14.32

In Brahmā's hymn after the Brahma-vimohana, this name is among the great epithets; the Lord of all worlds plays as a cowherd boy in Vraja.

989 gītāmṛta-mahodadhi ॐ गीतामृतमहोदधये नमः

great ocean of the Gītā's nectar

B.G 1-18

The Bhagavad Gītā's eighteen chapters between the armies at Kurukṣetra are themselves a vast ocean of nectarine wisdom; Kṛṣṇa is that ocean made manifest in eighteen waves.

990 puṇyaśloka ॐ पुण्यश्लोकाय नमः

of holy fame

S.B.G 10.46.46

Uddhava in his message to the gopīs uses this name — the one whose mere chanting (śloka) bestows merit (puṇya); the same epithet is used for Sītā and Draupadī as the Lord's consorts.

991 tīrthapāda ॐ तीर्थपादाय नमः

whose feet are themselves tīrthas

S.B.G 1.13.10

Vidura comes to Hastināpura and Yudhiṣṭhira asks for news of Kṛṣṇa; throughout the Bhāgavata the Lord's feet are called the source of all sacred fords — pilgrimage is to touch them.

992 vedavedya ॐ वेदवेद्याय नमः

knowable through the Vedas

B.G 15.15

In the Bhagavad Gītā Kṛṣṇa declares: 'I am he who is to be known by all the Vedas; I am the author of Vedānta and the knower of the Vedas'; he is the Veda's own goal.

993 dayānidhi ॐ दयानिधये नमः

treasury of compassion

S.B.G 10.81.1

The Sudāmā episode demonstrates this name perfectly: Kṛṣṇa weeps tears of joy at his impoverished friend's arrival; his compassion is described as an inexhaustible treasure.

994 nārāyaṇa ॐ नारायणाय नमः

abode of all beings, supreme refuge

S.B.G 1.2.4

The Bhāgavata's invocation calls upon Nārāyaṇa — 'the abode of all beings'; this is Vaiṣṇava theology's central name, established by the Mahānārāyaṇa Upaniṣad and present throughout.

995 yajñamūrti ॐ यज्ञमूर्तये नमः

the very form of sacrifice

B.G 4.24

In the Bhagavad Gītā: 'The act of offering, the offering itself, the fire, and the one who offers — all are Brahman'; Kṛṣṇa is yajña embodied, the sacrifice that needs no sacrificer.

996 pannagāśana-vāhana ॐ पन्नगाशनवाहनाय नमः

whose vehicle is the serpent-eater (Garuḍa)

S.B.G 10.59.8

When Kṛṣṇa goes to kill Narakāsura, he rides Garuḍa, the king of birds, whose food is serpents; Garuḍa is Viṣṇu's eternal mount in his cosmic form.

997 ādya pati ॐ आद्याय पतये नमः

the original Lord

S.B.G 1.3.43

After the description of the avatāras in the Bhāgavata's first canto, the text declares Kṛṣṇa the original (ādya) source of all the descents — 'kṛṣṇas tu bhagavān svayam'.

998 paraṃ brahma ॐ परस्मै ब्रह्मणे नमः

the supreme Brahman

B.G 10.12 · S.B.G 1.2.11

Arjuna addresses Kṛṣṇa with these exact words in B.G 10.12 — 'paraṃ brahma paraṃ dhāma pavitraṃ paramaṃ bhavān'; S.B.G 1.2.11 establishes Brahman as the first of the three aspects of the one Reality (Brahman, Paramātmā, Bhagavān).

999 paramātmā ॐ परमात्मने नमः

the supreme Self

B.G 13.22 · S.B.G 1.2.11

In the Kṣetra-kṣetrajña chapter Kṛṣṇa identifies the Paramātman as the witness-consort within every being; S.B.G 1.2.11 names Paramātmā as the second aspect realized through yogic vision.

1000 parātparaḥ ॐ परात्पराय नमः

the beyond-beyond, transcending transcendence itself

S.B.G 11.31.6 · B.G 8.20

At the conclusion of the Bhāgavata, Kṛṣṇa withdraws into the parātpara — what lies beyond even the imperishable; B.G 8.20 describes this as 'avyakto'kṣaraḥ' — beyond the unmanifest. The hymn's final name is also Parāśara's: the circle of seer, hymn and Seen closes here.

ॐ परात्पराय नमः parātparaḥ Name 1000 — the garland complete

The recitation may be sealed here, or carried back to its source in the phalaśruti and the opening.